The Funeral Ritual for a Deceased Relative: The Factors Which Respectively Decrease and Increase the Distress of the Bereaved
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33700/1580-7118.16.2.127-158(2014)Keywords:
bereavement process, funeral ritual, social normsAbstract
The funeral ceremony is an event designed for the wider community. The bereaved has to process the funeral ceremony by itself as well as various events connected with it. Since these can be experienced either as a source of additional stress or as a support which relieves distress, it is important to study the influence of those factors on the bereavement process. Our research included 18 bereaved individuals of both genders who suffered after they had lost a close family member (partner, parent, child) from various causes within one to two years prior to the interview. An in-depth structured interview was carried out with every participant on the following three topics: the organisation and execution of the funeral; the presence of other people at the funeral; the dress code at and after the funeral. According to our research, the most common factors that relieve distress are: knowing the wishes of the deceased about the desired form of the funeral, large numbers of people attending the funeral, and the possibility for the bereaved to choose the dress colour code at and after the funeral. On the other hand, the stress of the bereaved may be exacerbated during the funeral by not having enough time to say farewell, by the undertakers’ insensitivity and blunders, and by the pressure of the environment to wear mourning.
Downloads
References
BABAJIĆ, E. (2013): “Pravoslavni pogrebni običaji”, v: Pogreb ni tabu, 41.
BELL, C. (1997): “Rites of Passage”, v: Ritual: Perspectives and Dimensions. Oxford University Press, New York, 94–102.
BOGATAJ, J. (2005): “Šege in navade”, v: Nesnovna kulturna dediščina. Zavod za varstvo kulturne dediščine, Ljubljana, 15–21.
BORKO, M. (2008): “Danes mrtvim ne pustimo več umreti”, Intervju o obredih slovesa s Katjo Hrobat. Žurnal, 1. 11., 16–17.
BYNG-HALL, J. (1991): “Family Script and Loss”, v: McGoldrick, M., Waslh, F., ur., Living Beyond Loss Death in the Family. Norton & Company, New York, London, 130–143.
CHARMAZ, K. (2008): Constructing Grounded Theory: a practical guide through qualitative analysis, London, Sage.
FREUD, S. (1987): “Žalovanje in melanholija”, v: Bahovec, E. D., Baskar, B., Dobnikar, M., Dolar, M., ur., Metapsihološki spisi, Založba Škuc in Znanstveni inštitut Filozofske fakultete, Ljubljana, 197–218.
GLASER, B. G., STRAUSS, A. L. (1967): The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research, Chicago, Aldine.
GRAD TEKAVČIČ, O. (1994): “Izguba – žalovanje – odobičajnega do patološkega”, Medicinski razgledi, 33(1), 51–59.
GRAD TEKAVČIČ, O. (2003): “Žalovanje po samomoru bližnjega – travmatične posledice in kako jih preprečevati”, v: Marušič, A., Roškar, S., ur., Slovenija s samomorom ali brez, DZS, Ljubljana, 156–168.
GRAD TEKAVČIČ, O. (2006): “Sprava z umrlim”, v: 9. Bregantovi dnevi – zbornik prispevkov, Ljubljana, 93–105.
GREGORČIČ, M. (1998): “Zmanjkalo je solz: Konceptualizacija fenomena smrti skozi prostorsko-časovno dimenzijo in tradicionalno vs. moderno dihotomijo na primeru pogrebnih obredov”, Etnološki in antropološki vidiki preučevanja smrti: mednarodni simpozij, Etnolog, 163–178.
IMBER-BLACK, E. (1991): “Rituals and the Healing Process”, v: McGoldrick, M., Waslh, F., ur., Living Beyond Loss Death in the Family, Norton & Company, New York, London, 207–223.
KLEVIŠAR, M. (1999): “Umirajoči so naši veliki učitelji”, v: Brun, N., Remic, M., ur., Tihi pomniki minljivega časa: Drobci o šegah in pokopališki kulturi v slovenskem etničnem prostoru, 45–49.
LOŽAR PODLOGAR, H. (1999): “Smrt v slovenskih ljudskih šegah in verovanju”, v: Brun, N., Remic, M., ur., Tihi pomniki minljivega¸časa: Drobci o šegah in pokopališki kulturi v slovenskem etničnem prostoru, 7–29.
MESEC, B. (1998): Uvod v kvalitativno raziskovanje v socialnem delu, Visoka šola za socialno delo, Ljubljana.
OREL, B. (1944): “Smrt in pogreb”, v: Narodopisje Slovencev I, Založba Klas, Ljubljana, 303–314.
OZBIČ, P. (2013): “Kvalitativna analiza procesa žalovanja svojcev pred smrtjo bližnjega zaradi dolgotrajne bolezni”, v: Simonič, A., ur., Žalovanje v paliativni oskrbi, Zbornik sestanka, 11. Golniški simpozij, Univerzitetna klinika za pljučne bolezni in alergijo Golnik, Golnik, 30–36.
PETROVIĆ, M. (2002): “Telo med smrtjo in življenjem”, Poligrafi, Ples življenja, ples smrti, Letnik 7, št. 27/28, 157−180.
PLESNIČAR GEC, L. (1999): “Grobišča”, v: Brun, N., Remic, M., ur., Tihi pomniki minljivega časa: Drobci o šegah in pokopališki kulturi v slovenskem etničnem prostoru, 50–55.
PORIĆ, E. (2002): “Verski pogrebi – Smrt je le začasna ločitev duše in telesa”, v: Pogreb ni tabu, 32.
SALAMONE, F. A. (2004): “Death Ritauls”, v: Encyclopedia of religious rites, rituals, and festivals, Routledge, New York, 107–112.
SIMONIČ, A. (2005): “Odnos navezanosti in nadaljevanje vezi v procesu žalovanja”, Psihološka obzorja, 14(4), 61–80.
ŠOBER, A. (2014): “Judovski pogrebni običaji”, v: Pogreb ni tabu, 48–49.
Tibetanska knjiga mrtvih (2002): Založba Karantanija, Ljubljana.
WORDEN, W. J. (2009): Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy, A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner, Springer Publishing Company, New York.
